The target behaviors involved tasks associated with the supported workers' daily breaks, during which they had a light snack or an opportunity to engage in a leisure activity (Wade only). The purpose of this study was to document and then decrease reactivity during observations of staff performance following completion of a staff-training program.īehavior Definitions and Observation System Although some studies have attempted to include controls for reactivity ( Fleming & Sulzer-Azaroff, 1992 Parsons, Rollyson, & Reid, 2004 Shore et al., 1995), the extent to which such procedures actually affect staff reactivity has not been examined experimentally in typical staff training and management research.
A number of authors have acknowledged possible limitations in studies on staff behavior due to the potential reactivity of observations ( Fleming & Sulzer-Azaroff, 1992 Shore, Lerman, Smith, Iwata, & DeLeon, 1995).ĭespite concerns over reactivity, as well as experimental evidence indicating that it can be an obstacle when evaluating staff behavior ( Reid, Parsons, Green, & Schepis, 1991), little attention has been directed to reactivity as a dependent variable. Do not proceed to schedule a custom demo unless you have already conferred with the lecture demonstrator about it.Reactivity, which refers to the influence that an observation procedure exerts on behavior ( Kazdin, 1979), is a problematic and continuing concern in research on staff performance ( Ivancic & Helsel, 1998). The custom demos section of the website is used by UO chemistry instructors to schedule demonstrations that are not listed in the database. The university shall not be liable for any special, direct, indirect, incidental, or consequential damages of any kind whatsoever (including, without limitation, attorney's fees) in any way due to, resulting from, or arising in connection with the use of or inability to use the web site or the content. The university further disclaims all responsibility for any loss, injury, claim, liability, or damage of any kind resulting from, arising out or or any way related to (a) any errors in or omissions from this web site and the content, including but not limited to technical inaccuracies and typographical errors, or (b) your use of this web site and the information contained in this web site.the university shall not be liable for any loss, injury, claim, liability, or damage of any kind resulting from your use of the web site. The university expressly disclaims all warranties, including the warranties of merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose and non-infringement. This web site is provided on an "as is" basis. "Do not do demos unless you are an experienced chemist!" Please read the following disclaimer carefullyīy continuing to view the descriptions of the demonstrations you have agreed to the following disclaimer. The ionization energy decreases making it is easier to remove electrons, making the element more reactive. (Effective Nuclear Charge, Z eff, and Coulomb's Force law). Going down the Group 1A elements from Li to K, the outermost electron is further away from the nucleus and the overall net force of attraction between the protons in the nucleus and the outermost electron decreases. The increasing vigor of the reaction as you move down the Group IA elements is caused by the decreasing ionization energy of the metals. The heat given off by this reaction immediately melts the sodium and potassium and is frequently sufficient to ignite the hydrogen gas produced:Īnd to ignite the metals themselves, producing the metal oxide. The reaction of alkali metals with water is represented by the following equation: 2 M( s or l ) + 2 H 2O ( l ) -> 2 M(OH) 2 ( aq ) + H 2 ( g ) Where M is the alkali metal.
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